The so-called measles causes the acute respiratory infectious disease by the measles virus; it is easily arising in winter and spring, and could arise in other seasons. The clinical characteristics are as follows: giving off heat (the body temperature to be possible to reach the grayish white dot 40℃）、cough、class tears、oral cavity mucous membrane has blushes (the Cleveland spot) and the whole body spot papula, and often concurrent with pneumonia and makes the life in danger, the fatality rate of the measles complicated pneumonia case approximately is about 10%.

The unique infection source is the patient. The infection time is generally 5 days before the measles and 5 days after the measles, if the concurrent with pneumonia, the infection time may lengthen to 10 days after the measles. Patient’s mouth, nose, swallow and eye mucous membrane secretion contains the massive virus, the virus could be spread to the airs surrounded by talking, coughing, sneezing, and through the nasopharynx or the eye mucous membrane invasion in to the susceptible person, the close contact by hands could also be disseminated. People has not got the measles and has not vaccinate the measles vaccine is easily infected, especially children aged from 8 months to 7 years, in recent years the adult patient’s arose has a growth tendency.

At present, there is no effective medicine to be able to cure, therefore once infected the measles, the main point is to strengthen nurses with the right treatment. Keep ventilate in the room, pay attention to the oral, nose, and skin clean. Protects the eyes avoid the glare shining, if there are much eye secretion, use 3% boric acid solution flushing, split lips could be protected by vegetable oil. Provide adequate water and heat, considering vitamin B1、C, and so on. Medicines like viral spirit and Banlangen inoculation fluid in the early period. Take high fever physics temperature decrease or take small amount fever decreasing medicinal preparation. Agitated and restlessness patient should take phenobarbital, or inject stability. Serious patient should take cough syrup or relieves cough pieces. Patient continue be ill could select the antibiotic. If there is complicated illness, take right treatment according to the concrete illness.

For the measles virus will not survival for a long time out the human body in the air priming, it could maintain the infectious in the air in the room for approximately, so it occurs frequently in the collective environment, such as kindergarden, school, hospitals, construction site, so the staff of the above unites, who have not got measles or have not vaccine the measles vaccine would be easy to get infected.

The most effective method of preventing measles is to vaccinate measles unit price or the union vaccine, at present, our country’s recommended immunity procedure is take the first needle vaccination at the age of 8 months, to avoid the disturbance of the immune from mother, vaccinate when 18 - 24 months for the second time. For the one have got vaccination in 0 - 2 years, have not the medical history or the immunity history is not clear, removing the taboo sickness situation, may make up the measles vaccine. Massive scientific research have already proved that, after the effective vaccinate measles vaccination, patient will obtains the immunity that have the protect all life-long.

Patient's early discovery, early isolates, early treats, early reported may avoid the unceasing infection of the measles, it is suitable for the patient to have isolation nursery with treatment, avoids infecting others. End isolation until the end of the infective time that is 5 days latter measles, the complicated pneumonia should be isolated until 10 days after measles.

In the disease popular time, do not go to the crowded places, collective units once discover measles should request the patient to be isolated as far as possible, and avoid the patient contacting with one who infected easily. For these people, take emergency vaccination. After vaccinating reduced poisonous live vaccine, the time of coming out the immune body will be early than the incubation period of the measles, therefore 2 days after contacting there will be preventive effect.