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| Memorandum for First Aid of Coronary Heart Disease |
2008-1-28 15:07:00
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As coronary heart disease break out cutely, the patient will feel serious ache of the breast, dripping with swear, even his heart will stop beat. When this case happens, the family of the patient will be anxious and in a mess. They can not only do effective first aid, but sometimes speed up the dying of the patient because of their wrong treatment. There¡¯re so many such cases. Therefore now, we should learn what we can do when the coronary heart break out cutely.
Rest
No matter it is angina pectoris or myocardial infarction, the patient should first stop all his activities, and sit down or lie down on bed for rest. Neither running for help nor walking to hospital is allowed. If at outdoors, the patient should not move but squat down for rest for keeping still can reduce the burden of the heart so as to lessen oxygen consumption of the myocardium and delay the death of myocardial cells because of lack of oxygen. At the same time, the patient should be relax and don¡¯t be so nervous. It the disease breaks out outdoors in winter, the patient should keep himself warm.
Easy Breath
Easy breath is quite important for the patient when his coronary heart disease breaks out cutely. Windows should be open to keep the air fresh. Meanwhile, untie the patient¡¯s collar and clear up the vomit of his mouth to prevent the block of the trachea. In order to avoid spasm of his air passage and even choke caused by over nervousness, his family should console him constantly. If the family has the equipment, they can provide the patient oxygen through his nose.
Nitroglycerine
Patients who have medical record of coronary heart disease should usually prepare first aid medicine. Once angina pectoris breaks out, you can take one piece of nitroglycerine at once. The medicine will take effect one or two minutes later and will last for half an hour. Or you can take one or two pieces of anti-heartache drugs, and generally it will take effect in 5 minutes and last for two hours.
When the angina pectoris breaks out, if the patient rests and takes drugs it will be alleviated several minutes later, or he¡¯ll die of myocardial infarction. At this time, the frequency of taking the nitroglycerine or coronary recovery tablets should be increased to once per 3-5 minutes. Some spray medicine for the sudden break out of coronary heart disease such as Isordil can also be used. If the patient is worried and anxious, you can let him take one piece of diazepam or pinch or sting his Neiguan (2 inches, that is 3 figures above the striated lines of his wrist, between the two veins that stand out under the skin). Of course, at the same time, you should call the first aid center immediately.
Cardio-pulmonary Resuscitation
The most serious condition for the break out of the coronary heart disease is the sudden stop of heart beaten, which is often called sudden death of coronary heart disease.
For a patient of sudden death, 4 minutes after his heart stop beating and his breath stop are great point for him. At that time the energy of his brain doesn¡¯t run out. If the first aid is in time and proper, he may recover. 4 minutes later, his brain cells will die for lack of blood and oxygen, and the patient will probably die. Even if he keeps alive, he¡¯ll become a vegetable.
Then how to rescue the sudden death patient?
While calling the first aid center for help, you should lie down the patient on his back of the board. Then rescue him in according with the following procedures:
A. Open the air passage: because the root of the patient¡¯s tongue falls behind, it will block the air passage in some degree, therefore first you should make his air passage open and free. At present, the universal way is head-and-chin-raising method. The helper should stand besides the patient, put one hand on the forehead of him, and press down heavily. Put the forefinger and middle finger of the other hand on the chin, and raise it up so as to open the air passage.
B. Artificial respiration: the lung of the patient has sunk; so first give two deep mouth-to-mouth puffs. If there¡¯s heave on the breast and belly, you give mouth-to-mouth breath 12-16 times per minutes. Pay attention that you should tweak the patient¡¯s nose and make sure that there¡¯s no air leap from the mouths. Because the air the helper breathes contains 18% oxygen (the air in the atmosphere contains 21% oxygen), the patient will get enough oxygen if the way of breath is proper.
C. closed cardiac massage: that is using artificial way to make the heart beat. This way can make the moving blood send oxygen to the brain and other important organs. The helper can put his root of palm on the one-third part below the breastbone, and put the other palm above the back of the first, then make the two arms straight and use the strength of the waist to press down, with the depth of 3.5-4.5 cm. The frequency is 80-100 times per minute.
The above process is called cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. If you do it all by yourself, ratio is 15:2, that is 15 times out-breast heart press and 2 times artificial respiration in turn;
If there are two helpers, the ratio is 5:1 that is 5 times out-breast heart press and 1 times artificial respiration in turn.
Cardio-pulmonary resuscitation cannot stop at ease. It should be kept until the ambulance comes. Then the helper can turn the rescue to the doctor of the ambulance, which will greatly reduce the mortality of the sudden death patient.
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